Medical Engineering & Physics
Volume 32, Issue 3 , Pages 263-271 , April 2010

WC19: A wheelchair transportation safety standard—Experience to date and future directions

Received 10 September 2008 ,Revised 25 August 2009 ,Accepted 27 August 2009.

References 

  1. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) . Traffic Safety Facts. Washington, DC: United States Department of Transportation; 2006;
  2. Adomeit D. Seat design—a significant factor for safety belt effectiveness. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Third Stapp Car Crash Conference Paper #791004 Society of Automotive Engineers. Warrendale, PA. 1979;
  3. States JD. Safety belts and seat design—an insight from racing. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Conference of the American Association for Automotive Medicine. Morton Grove IL. 1980;
  4. Lundell B, Mellander H, Carlsson I. Safety Performance of a Rear Seat Belt System with Optimized Seat Cushion Design. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers; 1981;Technical Paper 810796
  5. International Standards Organization (ISO) . 7176-19 Assistive Products for Persons with Disability – Wheelchairs – Part 19: Wheeled Mobility Devices for Use as Seats in Motor Vehicles. Geneva, Switzerland: International Standards Organization; 2008;
  6. Canadian Standards Association . Transportable Mobility Aids. Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Standards Association; 2008;
  7. Klinich KD, Moore JL, Manary MA, Schneider LW. Use and performance of occupant restraint systems for wheelchair users in real-world crashes. In: RESNA Annual Conference Proceedings. Atlanta, GA. 2006;
  8. Schneider LW, Klinich KD, Moore JL, MacWilliams JB. Using In-Depth Investigations to Identify Safety Issues for Wheelchair-Seated Occupants of Motor Vehicles. Medical Engineering and Physics. 2010;32:237–247
  9. Schneider LW, Hobson DA, Bertocci GE, Manary MA. A review of voluntary standards for improved safety, usability, and independence of wheelchair-seated travelers. Assistive Technology Journal. 2009;RESNA
  10. Schneider, LW; Manary, MA, & Buning, ME. (2005) Barriers to the Development, Marketing, Purchase and Proper Use of Transit-Safety Technologies. State of Science in Wheelchair Transportation Safety: Final Report RERC on Wheelchair Transportation Safety, Pittsburgh, PA.
  11. American National Standards Institute/Rehabilitation Engineering Assistive Technology Society of North America (ANSI/RESNA) . WC19: Wheelchairs Used as Seats in Motor Vehicles. Arlington, VA: ANSI/RESNA; 2000;
  12. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 49, Transportation, Part 571.213 . Child Restraint Systems. Washington, DC: National Archives and Records Service, Office of the Federal Register; 2003;
  13. Society of Automotive Engineers . Recommended Practice J2249 Wheelchair Tiedown And Occupant Restraint Systems For Use In Motor Vehicles, SAE Handbook. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers; 1999;

PII: S1350-4533(09)00186-6

doi: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2009.08.012

Medical Engineering & Physics
Volume 32, Issue 3 , Pages 263-271 , April 2010