Medical Engineering & Physics
Volume 30, Issue 5 , Pages 574-580 , June 2008

Power output and metabolic cost of synchronous and asynchronous submaximal and peak level hand cycling on a motor driven treadmill in able-bodied male subjects

  • Lucas H.V. van der Woude

      Affiliations

    • Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Research Institute MOVE, Institute for Fundamental and Clinical Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • Rehabilitation Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Research Institute MOVE, VU University, Van der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Tel.: +31 20 5988500; fax: +31 20 5988529.
    • ,
  • Astrid Horstman

      Affiliations

    • Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Research Institute MOVE, Institute for Fundamental and Clinical Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Paul Faas

      Affiliations

    • Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Research Institute MOVE, Institute for Fundamental and Clinical Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Sander Mechielsen

      Affiliations

    • Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Research Institute MOVE, Institute for Fundamental and Clinical Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Hamid Abbasi Bafghi

      Affiliations

    • Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Research Institute MOVE, Institute for Fundamental and Clinical Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Jos J. de Koning

      Affiliations

    • Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Research Institute MOVE, Institute for Fundamental and Clinical Human Movement Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Received 6 December 2006 ,Revised 25 May 2007 ,Accepted 16 June 2007.

References 

  1. Abel T, Kroner M, Rojas Vega S, Peters C, Klose C, Platen P. Energy expenditure in wheelchair racing and handbiking—basis for prevention of cardiovascular diseases in those with disabilities. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2003;10:371–376
  2. Abel T, Rojas Vega S, Bleicher I, Platen P. Handbikin: physiological responses to synchronous and asynchronous crank montage. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 2003;3:1–9
  3. Bassett DR, Kyle CR, Passfield L, Broker JP, Burke ER. Comparing cycling world hour records, 1967–1996: modeling with empirical data. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;31:1665–1676
  4. Bennedik K, Engel P, Hildebrandt G. Der Rollstuhl. Rheinstetten: Schindele Verlag; 1978;
  5. Cooper RA. An arm-powered racing bicyle. Assist Technol. 1989;1:71–74
  6. Dallmeijer AJ, Ottjes L, de Waardt E, van der Woude LH. A physiological comparison of synchronous and asynchronous hand cycling. Int J Sports Med. 2004;25:622–626
  7. Dallmeijer AJ, Zentgraaff ID, Zijp NI, van der Woude LH. Submaximal physical strain and peak performance in handcycling versus handrim wheelchair propulsion. Spinal Cord. 2004;42:91–98
  8. Doherty M, Balmer J, Davison RC, Robinson L, Smith PM. Reliability of a combined 3-min constant load and performance cycling test. Int J Sports Med. 2003;24:366–371
  9. Gangelhoff J, Cordain L, Tucker A, Sockler J. Metabolic and heart rate responses to submaximal arm lever and arm crank ergometry. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1988;69:101–105
  10. Gardner AS, Stephens S, Martin DT, Lawton E, Lee H, Jenkins D. Accuracy of SRM and power tap power monitoring systems for bicycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004;36:1252–1258
  11. Gass EM, Harvey LA, Gass GC. Maximal physiological responses during arm cranking and treadmill wheelchair propulsion in T4-T6 paraplegic men. Paraplegia. 1995;33:267–270
  12. Gass GC, Camp EM. The maximum physiological responses during incremental wheelchair and arm cranking exercise in male paraplegics. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1984;16:355–359
  13. Goosey-Tolfrey VL, Castle P, Webborn N. Aerobic capacity and peak power output of elite quadriplegic games players. Br J Sports Med. 2006;40:684–687
  14. Goosey-Tolfrey VL, Sindall P. The effects of arm crank strategy on physiological responses and mechanical efficiency during submaximal exercise. J Sports Sci. 2007;25:453–460
  15. Hintzy F, Tordi N, Perrey S. Muscular efficiency during arm cranking and wheelchair exercise: a comparison. Int J Sports Med. 2002;23:408–414
  16. Hopman MT, van Teeffelen WM, Brouwer J, Houtman S, Binkhorst RA. Physiological responses to asynchronous and synchronous arm-cranking exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1995;72:111–114
  17. Janssen TW, Dallmeijer AJ, van der LH, Woude . Physical capacity and race performance of handcycle users. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2001;38:33–40
  18. Jones S, Passfield L. The dynamic callibration of bicyle power measuring cranks. In:  Haak S editors. The Engineering of Sport. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 1998;p. 265–274
  19. MacRae H, Hise K, Allen P. Effects of front and dual suspension mountain bike system on uphill cycling performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32:1276–1280
  20. Maki K, Langbein W, Reid-Lokos C. Energy cost and locomotive economy of handbike and rowcycle propulsion by persons with spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 1995;32:170–178
  21. Martel G, Noreau L, Jobin J. Physiological responses to maximal exercise on arm cranking and wheelchair ergometer with paraplegics. Paraplegia. 1991;29:447–456
  22. Martin J, Milliken D, Cobb J, McFadden K, Coggan A. Validation of a mathematical model for road cycling power. J Appl Biomech. 1998;14:276–291
  23. Millet G, Tronce C, Fuster N, DJ. B, Candau R. Validity and reliability of the polar s710 mobile cycle powermeter. Int J Sports Med. 2003;24:156–161
  24. Mossberg K, Willman C, Topor MA, Crook H, Patak S. Comparison of asynchronous versus synchronous arm crank ergometry. Spinal Cord. 1999;37:569–574
  25. Mukherjee G, Bhowmik P, Samanta A. Effect of chronic use of different propulsion systems in wheelchair design on the aerobic capacity of Indian users. Indian J Med Res. 2005;121:747–758
  26. Mukherjee G, Samanta A. Arm-crank propelled three-wheeled chair: physiological evaluation of the propulsion using one arm and both arm patterns. Int J Rehabil Res. 2004;27:321–324
  27. Mukherjee G, Samanta A. Physiological response to the ambulatory performance of hand-rim and arm-crank propulsion systems. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2001;38:391–399
  28. Mukherjee G, Samanta A. Wheelchair charity: a useless benevolence in community-based rehabilitation. Disabil Rehabil. 2005;27:591–596
  29. Oertel J, Brundig B, Henze W, Engel P. Spiroergometric field-study of wheelchair propulsion and different hand-drive systems. In:  Hopman M,  van der Woude LHV,  Van Kemenade CH editor. Biomedical Aspects of Manual Wheelchair Propulsion, State of the Art II. Amsterdam: IOS Press; 1999;p. 175–180
  30. Peronnet F, Mascicotte D. Table of nonprotein respiratory quotient: an update. Can J Sport Sci. 1991;16:23–29
  31. Powers SK, Beadle RE, Mangum M. Exercise efficiency during arm ergometry: effects of speed and work rate. J Appl Physiol. 1984;56:495–499
  32. Price MJ, Campbell IG. Determination of peak oxygen uptake during body exercise. Ergonomics. 1997;40:491–499
  33. Price MJ, Campbell IG. Thermoregulatory and physiological response of wheelchair athletes to prolonged arm crank and wheelchair exercise. Int J Sports Med. 1999;20:457–463
  34. Sawka MN, Glaser RM, Wilde SW, von Luhrte TC. Metabolic and circulatory responses to wheelchair and arm crank exercise. J Appl Physiol. 1980;49:784–788
  35. Schneider DA, Sedlock A, Gass EM, Gass GC. VO2peak and the gas-exchange anaerobic thresshold during incremental arm cranking in able-bodied and paraplegic men. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1999;80:292–297
  36. Smith MF, Davison RC, Balmer J, Bird SR. Reliability of mean power recorded during indoor and outdoor self-paced 40km cycling time-trials. Int J Sports Med. 2001;22:270–274
  37. Smith P, Price M, Doherty M. The influence of crank rate on peak oxygen consumption during arm crank ergometry. J Sports Sci. 2001;19:955–960
  38. Smith PA, Glaser RM, Petrofsky JS, Underwood PD, Smith GB, Richard JJ. Arm crank vs. handrim wheelchair propulsion: metabolic and cardiopulmonary responses. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1983;64:249–254
  39. Smith PM, Chapman ML, Hazlehurst KE, Goss-Sampson MA. The influence of crank configuration on muscle activity and torque production during arm crank ergometry. J Electromyography and Kinesiology, in press.
  40. van der Woude LH, Bosmans I, Bervoets B, Veeger HEJ. Handcycling: different modes and gear ratios. J Med Eng Technol. 2000;24:242–249
  41. van der Woude LH, Dallmeijer AJ, Janssen TW, Veeger HEJ. Alternative modes of manual wheelchair ambulation: an overview. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;80:765–777
  42. van der Woude LH, de Groot G, Hollander AP, van Ingen Schenau GJ, Rozendal RH. Wheelchair ergonomics and physiological testing of prototypes. Ergonomics. 1986;29:1561–1573
  43. Veeger HE, van der Woude LH, Rozendal RH. Effect of handrim velocity on mechanical efficiency in wheelchair propulsion. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1992;24:100–107
  44. Verellen J, Theisen D, Vanlandewijck Y. Influence of crank rate in hand cycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004;36:1826–1831
  45. Wicks JR, Oldridge NB, Cameron BJ, Jones NL. Arm cranking and wheelchair ergometry in elite spinal cord-injured athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1983;15:224–231

PII: S1350-4533(07)00132-4

doi: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2007.06.006

Medical Engineering & Physics
Volume 30, Issue 5 , Pages 574-580 , June 2008

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution