Medical Engineering & Physics
Volume 30, Issue 4 , Pages 403-418, May 2008

Dielectric elastomers as actuators for upper limb prosthetics: Challenges and opportunities☆

  • Elaine Biddiss

      Affiliations

    • Bloorview Research Institute, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, Ont. M4G 1R8, Canada
    • Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada
    • ,
  • Tom Chau

      Affiliations

    • Bloorview Research Institute, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, Ont. M4G 1R8, Canada
    • Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Bloorview Research Institute, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, Ont. M4G 1R8, Canada. Tel.: +1 416 425 6220x3515/462 0444; fax: +1 416 425 1634.

Received 5 January 2007; received in revised form 22 May 2007; accepted 26 May 2007. published online 16 July 2007.

Abstract 

Recent research has indicated that consumers of upper limb prostheses desire lighter-weight, anthropomorphic devices. The potential of dielectric elastomer (DE) actuators to better meet the design priorities of prosthesis users is explored. Current challenges are critically reviewed with respect to (1) durability, (2) precision control, (3) energy consumption, and (4) anthropomorphic implementation. The key points arising from the literature review are illustrated with empirical examples of the strain performance and durability of one of the most popular DEs, VHB 4910. Practical application of DE actuators in powered upper extremity prosthetics is at present impeded by poor durability and susceptibility to air-borne contaminants, unreliable control owing to viscoelasticity, hysteresis, stress relaxation and creep mechanisms, high voltage requirements, and insufficient stress and strain performance within the confines of anthropomorphic size, weight, and function. Our review suggests that the implementation of DE actuators in powered upper extremity prosthetics is not feasible at present but worthy of reevaluation as the materials advance.

Keywords: Electroactive polymers, Dielectric elastomers, Prosthetics, Upper limb prostheses, Rehabilitation

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☆ Supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council, Canada.

PII: S1350-4533(07)00104-X

doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2007.05.011

Medical Engineering & Physics
Volume 30, Issue 4 , Pages 403-418, May 2008

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